Answer :
The correct option is d) Use of artificial insemination .Management and reproductive problems in cows during the 1970s were influenced by the overuse of antibiotics in livestock, leading to increased bacterial resistance and challenges in cattle health.
The reproduction and management problems in cows in the 1970s were not solely caused by high feed costs, the introduction of growth hormones, or the use of artificial insemination. One significant issue that emerged was related to the excessive use of antibiotics in livestock farming. The routine inclusion of antibiotics in animal feed, not only to prevent disease but also to enhance production, led to increased bacterial resistance. Consequently, this practice contributed to management challenges and impacted animal health, potentially causing reproductive problems.
Antimicrobial resistance is a major concern as it compromises the effectiveness of treatments for infections caused by bacteria, thereby increasing the risk of disease prevalence among cattle herds. This resistance is often due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in agriculture. Factory farming practices, such as concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs), also play a role by necessitating the use of antimicrobials to prevent infectious diseases in crowded conditions and to promote growth.The correct option is d) Use of artificial insemination.
