Answer :
Formal charge for nitrogen atoms I, II, and III, respectively in the azide provided is 0, +1, and -1
A formal charge, in the covalent chemical bonding, refers to the hypothetical charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, based on the assumption that electrons in all chemical bonds are shared equally between atoms, regardless of relative electronegativity. In other words, formal charge is defined as the difference between the number of valence electrons of an atom in a neutral free state and the number assigned to that atom in a Lewis structure. It is given as
Formal charges = Group variance – nonbonding electrons – ½ bonding electron
For the nitrogen atom I,
Formal charges =5 – 2 – ½ (6) = 0
For the nitrogen atom II,
Formal charges =5 – 0 – ½ (8) = 1
For the nitrogen atom III,
Formal charges =5 – 4 – ½ (4) = -1
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