Answer :
Final answer:
The river civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus, and China share key similarities such as being sustained by agriculture, developing writing systems, utilizing irrigation for surplus food production, supporting large city populations, and fostering a literate class due to their development around major rivers.
The civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus, and China share a number of key similarities thanks to their development around major rivers. These river civilizations, including those along the Nile, Tigris and Euphrates, Yellow and Yangtze, and Indus Rivers, were sustained by agriculture and the ability to produce surpluses of food, which allowed populations to settle, grow, and eventually specialize in different tasks, contributing to further cultural development.
Of the traits listed, these civilizations notably developed around rivers which allowed for irrigation (5), developed a writing system (7), utilized irrigation canals for producing a surplus of food (12), farmed for food and traded surplus (15), supported large groups of people living together in cities (19), and saw the importance of a literate class that could read and write (20). Additionally, the periodic flooding of the rivers left behind rich, fertile soil that was ideal for farming (23). Through these shared characteristics, these civilizations laid the groundwork for many societal structures and practices in later civilizations.
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