Answer :
Final answer:
All food contact surfaces should be cleaned and sanitized. Cleaning removes visible dirt while sanitizing eliminates bacteria and other microorganisms to levels deemed safe. Heat can be utilized but is not always sufficient, therefore sanitization often involves the use of chemical disinfectants or high-pressure processes.
Explanation:
To kill bacteria, all food contact surfaces should be both cleaned and sanitized. Cleaning refers to the removal of visible dirt and debris, while sanitization is a deeper cleaning process that eliminates bacteria and other potentially harmful microorganisms. The term sanitization refers to the removal of microbes to levels deemed safe for public health.
Heat is a common method for controlling microbial growth. Heating can alter bacteria's membranes and denature proteins, effectively killing them. However, heating is not always sufficient as some microbes, such as C. botulinum, are more heat tolerant. Hence, simply placing a dish or utensil under hot water may not kill all bacteria.
Sanitization often involves chemical disinfectants or high-pressure mechanisms which denature the proteins of bacteria, destroying them in the process. Therefore, after cleaning, it's necessary to sanitize food contact surfaces, either chemically or through high-pressure processing to ensure harmful bacteria are killed.
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