Answer :
The perspective described in the question is often associated with the concept of 'normative conflict.'
A. Normative Conflict: This perspective suggests that laws are created and used by those in power to maintain their dominance over other groups. It is rooted in the idea that society is composed of different groups with conflicting norms and values. Those in power are able to influence the legal system to protect their own interests, often at the expense of others. This aligns most closely with the idea that the creation of laws is a tool for maintaining power structures.
B. Population Conflict: This term is less commonly used in mainstream social studies or sociological discussions. If explored, it could involve conflicts arising from population dynamics, but it does not specifically relate to the creation of laws for maintaining societal power.
C. Normative Consensus: This perspective is quite different. It views laws as a result of a broad agreement among society's members about what is right and wrong. Laws under this view are considered a reflection of societal values and mutual agreement rather than tools for maintaining power.
D. Constitutional Pardons: This is not related to the creation of laws to maintain power. Constitutional pardons refer to the power of a government or head of state to forgive or excuse a person for a crime, eliminating or reducing punishment. It is unrelated to the concept discussed in the question.
Therefore, option A, 'normative conflict,' is the correct choice. This aligns with a sociological view where laws can serve as instruments of power to perpetuate existing social structures and control.
