Answer :
Final answer:
The term that refers to a significant darkening of the fingernails or toenails is onychomycosis, a condition caused by fungal infections and classified as superficial mycosis. So the correct option is (b) Onychomycosis.
Explanation:
The term referred to in the question that indicates a significant darkening of the fingernails or toenails is onychomycosis. This condition is caused by a fungal infection and can lead to nails becoming yellow, brittle, and prone to breaking. The fungi responsible for this condition are commonly dermatophytes or Candida species. Such infections are usually classified as superficial mycosis. These infections are to be differentiated from systemic mycosis, which affects internal organs, mycetismus, which refers to mushroom poisoning, and mycotoxicosis, which is poisoning due to fungal toxins in food.
Onychomycosis can be diagnosed visually and confirmed through laboratory analysis, such as culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Treatment typically involves antifungal medication, and maintaining good nail hygiene can help prevent its occurrence. It is important to seek professional medical advice for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. For the question asked, the correct option is (b) Onychomycosis.
