The parent asks the nurse, "I thought the bleeding was stopped. What is causing this pain?" Based on the note above, how should the nurse reply?

A. "This is a positive Homan sign, which can occur as the bleed begins to heal."
B. "Immobilization of the shoulder has resulted in a frozen joint."
C. "The leftover blood in the shoulder is causing hemarthrosis."
D. "Telangiectasias have formed in the shoulder due to repeated bleeding episodes."

The pain the patient is experiencing could be caused by hemarthrosis, a condition in which blood accumulates within a joint cavity, causing swelling, stiffness, and pain.

Explanation:

The most likely cause of the experienced pain could be hemarthrosis, which refers to blood accumulation within a joint cavity usually due to injury or impact. This condition can cause intense pain and inflammation. The scenario described suggests potential shoulder trauma. Blood in the joint can cause swelling, stiffness, bruising, and pain, and this is likely what the patient is experiencing. Hemarthrosis is not uncommon after injuries or surgery that involve the joints.

Learn more about Hemarthrosis here:

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