Answer :
The number of topping combinations, which is 28, makes up the entire number of combinations that include 4 scoops of ice cream and 2 toppings.
When you're choosing 2 toppings out of 8, it's a combination problem. In combinations, the order doesn't matter (e.g. chocolate and strawberry is the same as strawberry and chocolate). The formula for combinations is:
C(n, k) = n! / [(n - k)! * k!]
Here, n is the total number of items (8 toppings), and k is the number of items you're choosing (2 toppings). The "!" symbol denotes a factorial, which means multiplying all positive integers from 1 to that number.
So, the number of combinations of 2 toppings out of 8 is C(8, 2) = 8! / [(8 - 2)! * 2!] = 28.
Now, the 4 scoops of ice cream are not differentiated in the problem, so we don't have to consider combinations for them. So, the total number of combinations of 4 scoops of ice cream and 2 toppings is just the number of topping combinations, which is 28.
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