Answer :
Final answer:
The Grignard reagent is a strong base and an excellent nucleophile. It can react with an acid to form an alcohol and can attack a carbonyl group to form an alcohol.
Explanation:
A Grignard reagent is an organometallic compound that consists of a carbon chain bonded to a magnesium atom. It is both a strong base and an excellent nucleophile due to the presence of a highly polarized Mg-C bond.
When Grignard reacts as a base, it can accept a proton (H+) from an acid. For example, it can react with water to form an alcohol. The reaction is:
R-Mg-X + H2O -> R-H + Mg(OH)X
When Grignard reacts as a nucleophile, it can attack an electrophilic carbon, typically a carbonyl group. For example, it can react with an aldehyde or ketone to form an alcohol. The reaction is:
R-Mg-X + C=O -> R-C-O-MgX
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