High School

The diagram below shows 4 beakers P, Q, R, and S containing different volumes of water at different temperatures.

- Beaker P: 100 ml (70°C)
- Beaker Q: 50 ml (90°C)
- Beaker R: 100 ml (90°C)
- Beaker S: 50 ml (70°C)

Which of the following statements is true?

A. Beaker P has the most heat energy.
B. Beaker R has more heat energy than beaker Q.
C. Beaker S has more heat energy than beaker R.
D. Beaker P and beaker S have the same amount of heat energy.

Please answer with an explanation.

Answer :

Final answer:

Beaker R has more heat energy than beaker Q because although they have the same temperature, beaker R contains more water.

Explanation:

In order to determine the amount of heat energy in each beaker, we need to consider both the volume of water and its temperature. The formula for heat energy is Q = mcΔT, where Q represents the heat energy, m is the mass (volume) of the water, c is the specific heat capacity of water, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

Comparing the beakers, we can see that beaker Q has the highest temperature at 90°C, followed by beaker R which also has a temperature of 90°C. However, beaker P and beaker S have the same temperature at 70°C. Since the volume of water in beaker P (100 ml) is higher than the volume of water in beaker S (50 ml), beaker P must have more heat energy than beaker S, making statement D false.

Therefore, the correct statement is B. Beaker R has more heat energy than beaker Q because although they have the same temperature, beaker R contains more water.

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