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**Solar System Color By Numbers**

1. How long does it take Earth to orbit around the Sun?
- A. 24 hours
- B. 365 days
- C. 20 days

2. What do outer planets have in common?
- A. They have solid and rocky surfaces. (magenta)
- B. They have gaseous surfaces and inner layers.
- C. They are very cold and have rings and multiple moons. (red)

3. Why are the outer planets called gas giants?
- A. Because they are mostly composed of oxygen and/or nitrogen. (red)
- B. Because they are mostly composed of helium and/or hydrogen. (golden yellow)
- C. Because of the very strong winds that happen on their surface. (magenta)

4. What do all inner planets have in common?
- A. They all take 365 days to revolve around the Sun. (green)
- B. They have shorter orbits, slower spin, no rings, and are made of rock and metal. (red orange)
- C. Inner planets have long orbits and outer planets have short orbits. (light blue)

5. Why do the terrestrial planets have higher temperatures than the Jovian planets in our Solar System?
- A. Because they are closer to the Sun. (mahogany)
- B. Because they are farther away from the Sun. (purple)
- C. Because they have longer periods of rotation on their axis. (magenta)

6. Which planet's axis is so tilted that it appears to rotate on its side?
- A. Neptune (yellow orange)
- B. Uranus (yellow green)
- C. Mercury (green)

7. The band of celestial objects that lies between Mars and Jupiter is called?
- A. The asteroid belt (blue)
- B. The Kuiper belt (yellow green)
- C. The comet belt (red)

8. Scientists have calculated that the Solar System formed:
- A. 4.6 million years ago (aqua green)
- B. 4.6 billion years ago (light blue)
- C. 4.6 light years ago (blue)

9. Which of these objects are NOT part of our solar system?
- A. Asteroids and meteoroids (yellow)
- B. Comets (green)
- C. Stars that are NOT the Sun (orange)

10. Distances within our Solar System are measured in:
- A. Astronomical units (magenta)
- B. Kilometers (yellow green)
- C. Light years (orange)

11. Which object in our solar system has the greatest mass?
- A. The Moon (blue)
- B. The Sun (purple)
- C. Earth (orange)

12. How does the time it takes for a planet to orbit the sun change as you move through the solar system?
- A. Planets closest to the sun take the longest time to orbit. (yellow green)
- B. Planets farthest from the sun take the longest time to orbit. (yellow orange)
- C. They have longer orbits and spins of gases and liquids, numerous moons, and (sky)

Answer :

Final answer:

The Solar System features inner terrestrial planets like Earth, which are rocky and warmer, and outer gas giants like Jupiter, which are larger and made mostly of gases. The time it takes for a planet to orbit the Sun increases with distance from the Sun. This pattern arises from the gravitational pull exerted by the Sun on the planets.


Explanation:

Overview of the Solar System


The Solar System consists of various celestial bodies, including planets, moons, asteroids, and comets, all orbiting the Sun. The planetary arrangement is divided into two main groups based on their characteristics.


Inner vs. Outer Planets



  2. Inner Planets: These are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. They are terrestrial, meaning they have rocky surfaces and metal cores.

  4. Outer Planets: These include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. They are known as gas giants or ice giants because they are predominantly made up of gases like hydrogen and helium, and their cores are composed of ice and rock.


Distance and Orbiting


As you move further from the Sun, the time it takes for planets to orbit it increases. Planets closest to the Sun (like Mercury) take less time to complete an orbit whereas those farther away (like Neptune) take significantly longer. This pattern is mainly due to gravitational pull and distance:



  • Mercury: 88 days

  • Neptune: 165 Earth years


Characteristics of Planets


Inner planets tend to have higher temperatures than outer planets. The frost line, which marks the distance from the Sun where temperatures are low enough to allow ice to form, influences the formation of planets. This explains why terrestrial planets are inner and gas giants are outer, with the rocky materials able to consolidate close to the sun while icy materials had to be farther out.


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