Answer :
To solve this question, we'll look at two genetic crosses. Let's break it down step-by-step:
### First Genetic Cross:
A heterozygous male (Ww) is crossed with a homozygous recessive female (ww).
1. Genotypes of parents: Ww (male), ww (female)
2. Possible offspring genotypes:
- Each parent contributes one allele to the offspring.
- Male (Ww) can contribute either W or w.
- Female (ww) can only contribute w.
This results in the following possible combinations:
- W from male and w from female: Ww
- w from male and w from female: ww
Repeating these combinations:
- Ww, ww, Ww, ww
3. Probability of heterozygous offspring (Ww):
- Out of 4 possible combinations (Ww, ww, Ww, ww), 2 are Ww.
- Therefore, the probability of an offspring being heterozygous is 2 out of 4, which is 50%.
### Second Genetic Cross:
A heterozygous individual (Ww) is crossed with a homozygous dominant individual (WW).
1. Genotypes of parents: Ww and WW
2. Possible offspring genotypes:
- Ww can contribute either W or w.
- WW can only contribute W.
This results in the following combinations:
- W from Ww and W from WW: WW
- w from Ww and W from WW: Ww
Repeating these combinations:
- WW, Ww, WW, Ww
3. Probability of having a homozygous dominant offspring (WW):
- Out of 4 possible combinations (WW, Ww, WW, Ww), 2 are WW.
- Therefore, the probability of an offspring being homozygous dominant is 2 out of 4, which is 50%.
In conclusion:
- In the first cross, there's a 50% chance that the offspring will be heterozygous.
- In the second cross, there's a 50% chance the offspring will be homozygous dominant.
### First Genetic Cross:
A heterozygous male (Ww) is crossed with a homozygous recessive female (ww).
1. Genotypes of parents: Ww (male), ww (female)
2. Possible offspring genotypes:
- Each parent contributes one allele to the offspring.
- Male (Ww) can contribute either W or w.
- Female (ww) can only contribute w.
This results in the following possible combinations:
- W from male and w from female: Ww
- w from male and w from female: ww
Repeating these combinations:
- Ww, ww, Ww, ww
3. Probability of heterozygous offspring (Ww):
- Out of 4 possible combinations (Ww, ww, Ww, ww), 2 are Ww.
- Therefore, the probability of an offspring being heterozygous is 2 out of 4, which is 50%.
### Second Genetic Cross:
A heterozygous individual (Ww) is crossed with a homozygous dominant individual (WW).
1. Genotypes of parents: Ww and WW
2. Possible offspring genotypes:
- Ww can contribute either W or w.
- WW can only contribute W.
This results in the following combinations:
- W from Ww and W from WW: WW
- w from Ww and W from WW: Ww
Repeating these combinations:
- WW, Ww, WW, Ww
3. Probability of having a homozygous dominant offspring (WW):
- Out of 4 possible combinations (WW, Ww, WW, Ww), 2 are WW.
- Therefore, the probability of an offspring being homozygous dominant is 2 out of 4, which is 50%.
In conclusion:
- In the first cross, there's a 50% chance that the offspring will be heterozygous.
- In the second cross, there's a 50% chance the offspring will be homozygous dominant.
