Answer :
A dichotomous scale presents only two response options for participants to choose from. A category scale provides multiple response options within a predefined set of categories.
a) The difference between a dichotomous and category scale lies in the number of response options provided.
Dichotomous Scale: A dichotomous scale presents only two response options for participants to choose from. It is a nominal scale with two categories, typically represented as "yes/no" or "true/false."
The responses are mutually exclusive and exhaustive, meaning participants must select one of the two options. Example: "Do you own a car?" (Response options: Yes/No)
Category Scale: A category scale provides multiple response options within a predefined set of categories. It allows participants to select from more than two options, providing a wider range of choices.
Category scales can be ordinal or nominal, depending on whether the categories have a specific order or not. Example: "What is your favorite color?" (Response options: Red, Blue, Green, Yellow, etc.)
b) Reliability of a measure is an indication of stability and consistency in the results obtained from the measure. It refers to the extent to which a measurement tool produces consistent and dependable results over time or across different conditions.
High reliability means that the measure is reliable and yields consistent results, while low reliability indicates inconsistency or measurement error.
To assess the reliability of a measure, various methods can be used, such as test-retest reliability, internal consistency reliability (e.g., Cronbach's alpha), inter-rater reliability, or split-half reliability.
These methods evaluate different aspects of reliability depending on the nature of the measurement and the specific research context.
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