Answer :
Final answer:
Change management is the correct answer, offering a framework to communicate changes and establish new norms. Models like Kurt Lewin's and John Kotter's illustrate the stages and steps for effective change. Successful change aligns with the organization's vision and involves careful planning, clear communication, and people management. d) Change management
Explanation:
The correct answer to the question is d) Change management. Change management offers a structured approach for ensuring that changes are thoroughly and smoothly implemented, and that the lasting benefits of change are achieved. It involves a sequence of steps that enable organizations to transition from a current state to a desired future state. The process framework provided by change management is essential for communicating changes, redefining norms, and re-establishing the rules of the new future state.
Two significant models in the change management domain are Kurt Lewin's three-stage model (unfreezing, change, and refreezing) and John Kotter's eight-step process for leading organizational change. These models highlight the importance of preparing for change, engaging stakeholders, creating a vision, executing the changes, and ensuring that the changes are integrated into the organization as the new standard.
It is important for change to be well planned and organized, and for there to be a common understanding and agreement on the way the change will move the organization towards achieving its vision. Establishing clear communication channels and engaging in effective people management throughout the process are also pivotal to the success of change initiatives.
