Answer :
Final answer:
Matthews and Beaman argue for challenging existing power structures to address oppression. This involves critical engagement and action, where both the oppressed and oppressors must work towards transformative change. Therefore, the correct answer is option a) Challenge existing power structures.
Explanation:
Matthews and Beaman claim that of primary importance when approaching oppression, we should challenge existing power structures. This approach aligns with the broader understanding that to address and rectify conditions of systemic oppression, individuals and societies must actively engage in radical change rather than passively maintaining the status quo or worse, embracing or ignoring the conditions that perpetuate inequality.
It is through critical consciousness, awareness, and transformative action that societies can begin to dismantle oppressive patterns that are deeply embedded in our culture and institutions. As suggested, this involves a pedagogy that must account for both the oppressed and oppressor consciousness, recognizing the internal conflict and the desire for an authentic existence free from the internalized oppressor. Engagement in praxis—the reflective cycle of action and reflection—is vital for oppressed groups to elevate their status and for oppressive structures to be genuinely transformed. This concept echoes the powerful sentiment expressed by Bob Marley, "Emancipate yourselves from mental slavery. None but ourselves can free our minds."
