Answer :
Final answer:
This response provides answers to various questions regarding roofing types, purposes, framing, ventilation, and materials. Key points include distinct roof types, the function of framing members, and considerations for roofing installation. Understanding these elements is critical for any study of architecture and engineering.
Explanation:
Roof Types and Construction
When studying roofs in architecture, it's essential to understand various components and their functions. Here are answers to the review questions:
- Ten distinct roof types: Hip roof, gable roof, flat roof, mansard roof, gambrel roof, shed roof, saltbox roof, monitor roof, butterfly roof, and dome roof.
- The purpose of roof framing is to support the roof and distribute loads vertically down to the walls and foundation.
- The roof framing member that extends from the ridge to the top plate or beyond is called a(n) rafter.
- If a roof has a pitch of 3:12 and the rise is 6', the span is 24'.
- The roof span is measured from outer wall to outer wall.
- The rise to run of a roof is one-half the span.
- The formula for calculating the fractional pitch of a roof is rise/run.
- The pitch of a roof that has a slope of 45° is 12:12.
- Three things that determine rafter size are span, load, and spacing.
- A lightweight roofing material is one that weighs less than And 3 lbs per square foot.
- The eave overhang is the overhang of the roof at the eaves line that forms a connection between the roof and sidewalls.
- Three types of cornices that are frequently constructed on homes are open, closed, and box cornice.
- Two purposes of attic ventilation are to prevent heat buildup and to reduce moisture accumulation.
- The total area of ventilator openings should be a minimum of 1/150 of the ceiling area.
- Two materials commonly used for roof flashing are aluminum and copper.
- Roof sheathing on most homes is 1/2 inch thick plywood.
- Five roofing materials that are used on residential structures include asphalt shingles, metal roofing, slate, wood shingles, and clay tiles.
- The recommended minimum weight of asphalt shingles is 200 lbs per square.
- Two advantages of the roof truss over conventional framing techniques are greater load capacity and faster installation.
- Three types of trusses that are commonly used in residential construction are gable truss, hip truss, and shed truss.
- Information required to purchase roof trusses for a home includes roof pitch, load requirements, and span dimensions.
- A gusset is a metal plate or wood connector that helps join two or more members in a truss.
- Two newer roofing materials that have greater wind resistance than traditional asphalt shingles are synthetic roofing tiles and metal roofs.
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