Answer :
Final answer:
To raise the boiling point of water to 150°C in a pressure cooker, you need an approximate pressure of 4.76 atmosphere. This is calculated using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
Explanation:
Given that you want to raise the boiling point of water to 150°C using a pressure cooker, it's important to understand the relationship between boiling point, pressure, and temperature. Under normal atmospheric conditions, water boils at 100°C. However, by using a pressure cooker, you can create a higher pressure environment, effectively raising the boiling point. The required pressure for boiling water to reach 150°C can be calculated using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which states that:
ln(P2 / P1) = ΔHvap / R x (1/T1 - 1/T2)
Where P1 and T1 are the initial pressure and temperature (respectively, 1 atm and 373 K), P2 and T2 are the final pressure and temperature (respectively, the unknown and 423 K), ΔHvap is the enthalpy of vaporization of water (40.7 kJ/mol), and R is the universal gas constant (8.31 J/(mol*K)). Plugging in these values, you can calculate that the required pressure is approximately 4.76 atmosphere.
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