Answer :
Final answer:
In a business context, individuals who act as independent problem solvers for both management and employees, outside the normal chain of command, are known as Ombudsmen. They operate in an autonomous capacity, acting as neutral third parties and facilitating communication within the firm.
Explanation:
Individuals outside the normal chain of command who act as independent problem solvers for both management and employees are often referred to as Ombudsmen.
Within the framework of the insider-outsider model, individuals already working for the firm are typically considered 'insiders,' who know the firm's procedures, norms, and culture. Other workers may be considered 'outsiders,' being new or prospective hires who are yet to be fully integrated into the organization.
Ombudsmen, acting as neutral third parties, can bridge this gap by serving as neutral, independent problem solvers. They not only have adequate resources but also reflect the communities they belong to, providing a perspective that remains grounded in the firm's context. This role is vital to facilitating communication and resolving conflicts within a company. Nevertheless, to maintain their effectiveness, Ombudsmen must operate outside the normal chain of command and be autonomous from management, maintaining their neutrality and independence.
Ombudsmen have the dual responsibility of assisting both management and the workforce, providing informed resolutions to problems and helping to foster a harmonious working environment.
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