Answer :
In the absence of galactose, the Gal gene regulation system operates differently. When galactose is not present, the Gal3 protein remains inactive and does not bind to Gal80. The Gal3 protein is responsible for detecting the presence of galactose and initiating the regulatory process.
In the absence of galactose, the Gal80 protein acts as a repressor and inhibits the transcription of the Gal genes. Gal80 binds to the transcriptional activator Gal4, preventing its activation and subsequent initiation of transcription. This repression mechanism keeps the Gal genes turned off when galactose is not available. In the absence of galactose, the correct statement is that the Gal3 protein does not bind Gal80, Gal3 does not recruit SAGA and SWI/SNF complexes, and transcription of the Gal genes does not proceed.
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