Answer :
Political parties, interest groups, media, and individuals all play critical roles in shaping public policy. The policy of appeasement by Western democratic governments during the 1930s, which made concessions to avoid war, inadvertently contributed to the start of World War II by emboldening Axis powers.
The roles that political parties, interest groups, the media, and individuals play in the development of public policy are significant and multifaceted. Political parties help shape policy by outlining stances on issues and mobilizing supporters to vote and lobby for these issues. Interest groups advocate for specific policy changes by lobbying, funding research, and educating the public and lawmakers. The media influences public opinion and policymakers by framing issues, providing information, and shaping the public discourse. Individuals also contribute through voting, activism, and grassroots mobilization.
During the lead-up to World War II, the policy of appeasement by Western democratic governments, particularly led by Britain and France, involved making concessions to Axis powers, primarily Nazi Germany, in hopes of avoiding war. This policy notably included the Munich Agreement of 1938, which allowed Nazi Germany to annex the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia. The policy of appeasement is widely criticized for emboldening Adolf Hitler, thereby hastening the start of World War II.
