Answer :
Final answer:
Byzantine and Persian rulers faced opposition due to political and religious turmoil they created. Byzantine emperors who conflicted with the Orthodox Church faced backlash, while Persian rulers experienced rebellion due to heavy taxation, unending wars, and favoritism of certain religions.
Explanation:
The Byzantine and Persian rulers unintentionally turned their own people against them due to several reasons. These reasons were predominately centered around political and religious conflict.
For the Byzantine Empire, the powerful Orthodox Church had a major influence on society. However, when Byzantine emperors conflicted with the church, it led to societal backlash. A key example is Emperor Leo III's attempt to ban the use of religious icons, causing massive resentment and leading to the Iconoclast Controversy.
Similarly, in the Persian Empire, rulers like Yazdegerd III faced opposition due to constant wars, taxation, and favoritism of certain religious sects. Many Persians felt disenfranchised by their ruler favoring Zoroastrianism, sparking social unrest leading to rebellion.
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