Answer :
Final answer:
In paragraph 4 of William Faulkner's 'As I Lay Dying,' elements such as simile, imagery, and antithesis are present, but periodic sentence and parallelism are not explicitly identified, with a focus on periodic sentence as the element that does not appear.
Explanation:
The question asks which of the following elements does not appear in paragraph 4 of the excerpt from As I Lay Dying by William Faulkner. Upon examination of the paragraph, simile, imagery, and antithesis are present. Similes compare two different things using like or as, imagery vividly describes scenes, objects, or moments, and antithesis places contrasting ideas together in a balanced or parallel structure. However, a periodic sentence, a sentence that has its main clause or predicate at the end, and parallelism, the repetition of grammatical elements in writing, are not explicitly identified, making both potential answers. Given the specific examples and elements asked for in the provided excerpt, we focus on identifying clear instances of each, and without a full examination of each sentence's structure, periodic sentence identification requires in-depth analysis. Therefore, focusing on the options listed, parallelism is subtly present in the way ideas are structured, especially in Faulkner's characteristic style, suggesting that periodic sentence could be considered as not appearing explicitly or as clearly as the other elements.