Answer :
Final answer:
During the second year, toddlers experience a range of self-conscious emotions as they assert their independence. These emotions include embarrassment, pride, guilt, and shame. This is also the phase when they start to exhibit stranger anxiety.
Explanation:
During the second year of life, a child begins to portray a range of self-conscious emotions. Erik Erikson, a developmental psychologist, referred to this phase as the 'me do it' stage, where toddlers assert their independence. These emotions can indeed be varied and include feelings of embarrassment, pride, guilt, and shame.
For instance, a child may feel pride when they successfully accomplish tasks on their own or guilt when they make mistakes. These self-conscious emotions serve as a foundation for future interpersonal relationships and moral development. However, these emotions can often be quite intense for toddlers and shift rapidly, with a child being extremely happy one moment and extremely sad the next.
Moreover, stranger anxiety often surfaces during this period where a child shows fear or unfamiliar individuals. This results from the child being unable to incorporate the stranger into an existing mental schema. Therefore, the self-conscious emotions that arise in a child's second year of life are embarrassment, pride, guilt, and shame.
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