Answer :
We can conclude that Beakers 2 and 3 will contain buffered solutions once the mixing is complete. Therefore, the answer is Beakers 2 and 3.
To determine which beaker(s) will contain a buffered solution once the mixing is complete, we need to first understand what makes a solution a buffer. A buffer solution is a solution that can resist changes in pH when small amounts of an acid or base are added to it. A buffer solution is made up of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.
Beaker 1 contains 50 mL of a 2.00 M HCl solution. HCl is a strong acid, which means it completely dissociates in water to form H+ and Cl- ions. Adding NH3 to this solution will result in the formation of NH4+ and Cl- ions, but there will be no weak acid-base pair present to act as a buffer. Therefore, Beaker 1 will not contain a buffered solution once the mixing is complete.
Beaker 2 contains 50 mL of a 0.50 M HCl solution. This solution is less concentrated than Beaker 1 and will also completely dissociate in water. However, adding NH3 to this solution will result in the formation of NH4+ and Cl- ions, and there will be some NH3 molecules present to act as a weak base. NH3 is a weak base and can react with H+ ions to form NH4+ ions. This reaction creates a weak acid-base pair (NH3/NH4+) that can act as a buffer. Therefore, Beaker 2 will contain a buffered solution once the mixing is complete.
Beaker 3 contains 50 mL of a 1.00 M NH4Cl solution. NH4Cl is a salt made up of NH4+ and Cl- ions. When NH4Cl dissolves in water, it dissociates into its ions. Adding NH3 to this solution will result in the formation of more NH4+ and Cl- ions, but there will also be excess NH3 molecules present to act as a weak base. This means that there will be a weak acid-base pair present (NH3/NH4+) that can act as a buffer. Therefore, Beaker 3 will contain a buffered solution once the mixing is complete.
Based on this analysis, we can conclude that Beakers 2 and 3 will contain buffered solutions once the mixing is complete. Therefore, the answer is Beakers 2 and 3.
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