Chlorine, which exists in nature in two isotopic forms, has an atomic mass of 35.5 amu. This means that:

A. All chlorine atoms have masses of 35.5 amu.
B. The mass of one isotope must be lighter than 35.5 amu, while the mass of the other isotope is heavier than 35.5 amu.
C. 35.5 amu is the upper limit for the mass of a chlorine atom.
D. More than half of all chlorine atoms have masses of 35.5 amu.

Characterize EACH of the following statements as being TRUE or FALSE and then indicate the collective true-false status using the choices provided:

1. All naturally occurring atoms of an element must have the same mass number.
2. Protons and electrons carry the same amount of charge.
3. An isotope of chlorine with A = 35 and Z = 17 contains more neutrons than protons.

A. All three statements are true.
B. Only one of the statements is true.
C. Two of the three statements are true.
D. None of the statements is true.

Two of the three statements are true: (1) All naturally occurring atoms of an element do not have the same mass number and (2) Protons and electrons carry the same amount of charge.

(1) All naturally occurring atoms of an element must have the same mass number. - FALSE

(2) Protons and electrons carry the same amount of charge. - TRUE

(3) An isotope of chlorine with A – 35 and Z - 17 contains more neutrons than protons. - TRUE

The collective true-false status is: Two of the three statements are true.

(1) All naturally occurring atoms of an element do not have the same mass number. Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons and electrons but differ in the number of neutrons.

(2) Protons and electrons do carry the same amount of charge, which is a fundamental unit of charge equal to 1.6 x 10^-19 Coulombs.

(3) An isotope of chlorine with A – 35 and Z - 17 means that the isotope has an atomic mass of 35 and 35-17 = 18 neutrons, which is greater than the number of protons (Z), which is 17.

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