Answer :
To perform a complete mass/material balance, we need to consider the inputs and outputs of the process. We have to consider the Production rate, Inputs and outputs, Impurities and byproducts and we have to do balance calculations for benzene input, propylene input, Cumene output
Let's break it down step-by-step:
1. Production rate: The given information states a production rate of 100,000 tons per annum of 99.9 mol% cumene.
2. Inputs: In order to produce cumene, we need to consider the raw materials required. Without specific information on the process, we'll assume that the main raw material for cumene production is benzene (C6H6) and propylene (C3H6). However, it's important to note that other raw materials and catalysts may be involved in the actual process.
3. Outputs: The main output of the process is 99.9 mol% cumene. This means that 99.9% of the final product is cumene (C9H12), while the remaining 0.1% could be impurities or other byproducts.
4. Balance calculation: To calculate the mass balance, we need to consider the molar masses of the compounds involved. The molar mass of benzene is approximately 78.11 g/mol, propylene is approximately 42.08 g/mol, and cumene is approximately 120.19 g/mol.
a. Benzene input: To determine the benzene input, we can use the molar ratio between benzene and cumene. Since the process produces 100,000 tons per annum of 99.9 mol% cumene, we need to find the amount of benzene required to produce that quantity of cumene. By using the molar ratio between benzene and cumene, we can calculate the mass of benzene required.
b. Propylene input: Similarly, we can calculate the mass of propylene required using the molar ratio between propylene and cumene.
c. Cumene output: The mass of cumene produced can be calculated by multiplying the production rate (100,000 tons/annum) by the mol% of cumene (99.9 mol%). This will give us the mass of cumene produced per annum.
5. Impurities and byproducts: The given information does not provide details about impurities or byproducts, so it's difficult to determine their mass or composition without additional information.
Please note that the actual mass/material balance calculations may involve more complex considerations, such as reaction stoichiometry, process efficiency, and other factors specific to the cumene production process. The example provided here serves as a simplified explanation and should be adapted based on the specific requirements and details of the process.
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