Answer :
Final answer:
The energy change when the temperature of a solid titanium block decreases involves a reduction in thermal energy. As the block's temperature falls, its thermal energy also decreases due to a decrease in molecular kinetic energy. This is assumed in the absence of any phase changes that may alter this process.
Explanation:
The energy change described in your question corresponds to a decrease in thermal energy when the temperature of a solid titanium block of 11.2 grams is decreased from 35.5 °C to 24.0 °C. In a phase change, which is not part of this scenario, thermal energy also plays a role by functioning to loosen the bonds between molecules or atoms. In this process, known as latent heat, the energy is used to break bonds and there is no increase in kinetic energies of the particles, hence no rise in temperature.
Relating this to the solid titanium block, as the block is cooled and temperature decreases, the thermal energy of the block also decreases because the molecular kinetic energy is reduced. This thermal energy is lost to the surroundings as heat. This decrease in thermal energy is what is being observed in the stated problem.
In general, whenever there is a decrease in the temperature of a substance (pending no phase change), there is a decrease in the substance's thermal energy because the kinetic energy of its atoms and molecules is lessened, resulting in less heat within the substance.
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