Answer :
Final answer:
Buck-boost transformers employ electromagnetic induction to change voltages and can provide a range of secondary voltages to suit various needs. Calculating the turns and current for these transformers involves utilizing the turns ratio and power equivalence across the transformer. They are critical for both large-scale power distribution and household electrical devices.
Explanation:
Buck-boost transformers are designed to adjust the voltage supplied to an electrical device. They are available with secondary windings rated to deliver a variety of voltages based on their design and intended use. These devices leverage the principle of electromagnetic induction to transform voltages from one level to another.
For example, a step-up transformer can increase voltage from a lower primary input to a higher secondary output. Considering a transformer with an input of 110-V and a 100-turn primary that delivers a 2000-V output, we can use the turns ratio to determine the secondary turns by dividing the secondary voltage by the primary voltage and multiplying by the number of primary turns. Similarly, we can also solve for the transformer current relationships; if the secondary draws a current of 0.75 A, we can find the primary current using the power equivalence across the transformer (Pprimary = Psecondary).
A versatile transformer might provide multiple secondary voltages from a single primary voltage input, such as outputs of 5.60, 12.0, and 480 V from a primary input of 240 V. The turns in each part of the secondary and maximum output currents for each voltage can be determined using the relationship of the turns ratio and power equation, respectively.
Transformers are not only used in power plants for efficient electricity transmission but are also utilized for common household devices. For instance, a plug-in transformer that supplies 9.00 V to a video game system from a 120 V source can be calculated for secondary turns and input current considering its primary turns and output current specs. These components are crucial to facilitate the function and safety of various electrical and electronic devices by ensuring the correct operating voltage.
