Answer :
Final answer:
The ancient Persians practiced Zoroastrianism, founded by Zarathustra, focusing on good and evil. Cyrus the Great founded the Persian Empire, while cuneiform was the writing system developed by the Sumerians. The decline of both empires was due to internal issues and external invasions, leading to the eventual rise of new powers.
Explanation:
1. Religious Practices of the Persians
The religion of the ancient Persians was Zoroastrianism, founded by the prophet Zarathustra (Zoroaster in Greek). Zoroastrianism emphasizes the duality of good and evil, worship of the supreme god Ahura Mazda, and a focus on the moral responsibility of individuals to choose righteousness over falsehood. The religion taught that the ultimate victory of good over evil would come through humanity's choices and actions.
2. Founder of the Persian Empire
The founder of the Persian Empire was Cyrus II, commonly known as Cyrus the Great. He is notable for uniting the Persian tribes and forging a vast empire that included the Medes, Babylonians, and other cultures.
3. Writing System Developed by the Sumerians
The writing system developed by the Sumerians is known as cuneiform, which is one of the earliest systems of writing and served as a significant means of recorded communication in ancient Mesopotamia.
4. Causes for the Decline and End of the Babylonian and Persian Empires
The decline of the Babylonian Empire was influenced by internal strife, invasions, and the eventual rise of the Persian Empire, which overthrew Babylonian rule. The decline of the Persian Empire can be attributed to factors such as overexpansion, administrative challenges across a vast territory, and the eventual conquest by Alexander the Great in 330 BCE. Additionally, the Persian Empire struggled with maintaining loyalty among its diverse subjects, leading to parts of its empire seeking independence and revolting.
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