Answer :
Jeremy Bentham, an English philosopher, believed that people broke the law due to fourmain factors: Pleasure, Pain, Gain, and Necessity. The combination of these elements could drive an individual towards illegal actions.
According to Jeremy Bentham, an English philosopher and one of the principal proponents of utilitarianism, people broke the law influenced by four factors. They are Pleasure, Pain, Gain, and Necessity. Bentham believed that human beings operate based on two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure, and this includes their actions related to illegality. He introduces 'Gain' as the benefit one might receive from performing the act, and 'Necessity' comes in situations where doing less than breaking the law would likely lead to harm, making it a 'necessary' evil. Therefore, the correct answer to your multiple choice question is d) Pleasure, Pain, Gain, Necessity.
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