Answer :
A buck-boost converter is a non-inverting switch-mode power supply that can take a direct voltage input and turn it into a direct voltage output with a regulated voltage. The buck-boost converter can provide both the voltage step-up (boost) and voltage step-down (buck) features.
(a) With the aid of a circuit, input and output waveforms, explain the operation of a buck-boost DC-DC converter: A buck-boost converter is a non-inverting switch-mode power supply that can take a direct voltage input and turn it into a direct voltage output with a regulated voltage.
The buck-boost converter is used to regulate voltage and/or current in order to control power and/or current transfer in electrical systems. It has the ability to convert a DC voltage, which can be higher or lower than the output voltage, to a DC voltage that is at the output voltage. The buck-boost converter's operation can be divided into two parts: charging and discharging. The inductor is charged and discharged in these two stages. The inductor and the capacitor are connected in parallel at the output. The inductor's input voltage is connected to the voltage source's negative end, while the output voltage is taken from the capacitor's negative end. The inductor, the input voltage, and the switch are connected in series. When the switch is turned on, the voltage source's negative end is connected to the inductor, causing current to flow through the inductor, and the inductor's magnetic field is established. The magnetic field is kept when the switch is turned off. As a result, the voltage across the inductor will reverse polarity and attempt to maintain the current flow. The current is now flowing through the diode, which provides a closed loop for the current to circulate to the load, the output capacitor, and back to the inductor. The output voltage will equal the input voltage minus the voltage across the diode.
(b) Your manager does not understand how you can get a buck or boost converter from the buck-boost converter. Explain: The buck-boost converter can provide both the voltage step-up (boost) and voltage step-down (buck) features. When the duty cycle of the switching waveform is greater than 50%, a boost converter is created, whereas a buck converter is created when the duty cycle of the switching waveform is less than 50%. The output voltage is higher than the input voltage in a boost converter. To reduce the voltage, the buck converter uses the voltage step-down feature. As a result, the buck-boost converter may be used as a buck converter when the input voltage is greater than the output voltage or as a boost converter when the input voltage is lower than the output voltage.
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