Answer :
Final answer:
Portal hypertension is a significant complication of cirrhosis, with splenomegaly being a direct indicator. Other symptoms like bleeding gums, jaundice, and muscle wasting may occur but do not specifically signal portal hypertension. Thus, splenomegaly is the correct answer to highlight in this context.
Explanation:
Understanding Portal Hypertension in Cirrhosis
Portal hypertension is a common complication of cirrhosis, which occurs when there is increased blood pressure in the portal venous system. This can lead to various clinical symptoms and enlarged spleen (splenomegaly) is a classic sign of portal hypertension. As the pressure builds up, it can cause blood to back up into the spleen, resulting in its expansion and potential complications such as thrombocytopenia due to sequestration of platelets.
Symptoms Associated with Portal Hypertension
Other signs may include:
- Bleeding gums: This can occur due to thrombocytopenia, but is not typically the first sign of portal hypertension.
- Jaundice: While jaundice is a common symptom of liver dysfunction, it is not directly indicative of portal hypertension itself.
- Muscle wasting: This can occur in advanced cirrhosis due to malnutrition but is not a hallmark of portal hypertension.
Therefore, in evaluating the signs listed, splenomegaly is the best answer to indicate portal hypertension in a patient with cirrhosis.
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