Answer :
The probability of getting exactly 476 girls in 913 births is around 0.0261. The probability of getting 476 or more girls is approximately 0.9621, indicating that the occurrence of 476 girls is not unusually high. Therefore, the gender-selection technique does not seem effective.
Part a: Probability of Exactly 476 Girls in 913 Births
We use the binomial probability formula:
[tex]P(X = k) = C(n, k) * p^k * (1-p)^{(n-k)}[/tex]
Here, n = 913, k = 476, and p = 0.5.
Using a binomial calculator, we find:
P(X = 476) ≈ 0.0261 (rounded to four decimal places)
Part b: Probability of Getting 476 or More Girls
To find this, we sum the probabilities from 476 girls to 913 girls:
P(X ≥ 476) ≈ 1 - P(X < 476)
Using a cumulative binomial distribution calculator, we get:
P(X ≥ 476) ≈ 0.9621
If boys and girls are equally likely, 476 girls in 913 births is not unusually high.
Part c: Relevant Probability for Technique Effectiveness
The probability of getting 476 or more girls (Part b) is relevant for determining the effectiveness.
Part d: Effectiveness of the Gender-Selection Technique
Based on the probability of getting 476 or more girls being approximately 0.9621, the gender-selection technique does not appear to produce a significant deviation from the expected 50% girl births. Therefore, it might not be effective.