Answer :
Final answer:
An external reference in a formula refers to a reference to another workbook, creating linked workbooks. Differentiating between absolute, relative, and mixed cell references is essential for efficient Excel spreadsheet management. AutoFill and dynamic calculations are advantages of using cell references over static values. The correct answer is b. external
Explanation:
A formula can include a reference to another workbook, which is known as an external reference. This technique allows formulas to link data between different workbooks, creating a dynamic system where changes in one workbook can affect values in linked workbooks. External references follow a specific naming convention which includes the workbook name, sheet name, and cell address; for example, [workbookname]sheetname!celladdress.
It's important to differentiate between external, absolute, and relative cell references when working with Excel formulas. An absolute reference maintains a fixed point (indicated by a dollar sign, like $A$3), despite where the formula is moved or copied within the spreadsheet. A relative reference, on the other hand, changes depending on where the formula is copied. Mixed cell references combine these two types, fixing either the row or the column (e.g., A$3 or $A3).
Using cell references instead of static values allows for more dynamic and easily updatable spreadsheets. When possible, relative and/or absolute references are preferred over static references for flexibility and scalability. Features like Excel's AutoFill and the ability to create complex calculations that dynamically update provide significant benefits over static, manual calculations.
