Answer :
In the drilling process using an air hammer with a drill rod, there are two main impulsive forces that act on the drill rod:
1. Impact Force: This is the force exerted by the air hammer on the drill rod, causing it to move forward and penetrate the hard rock.
The air hammer provides rapid and repeated impacts, allowing the drill rod to break through the rock effectively.
2. Reaction Force: As the drill rod penetrates the rock, the rock itself exerts a reaction force on the drill rod, resisting its forward movement.
This reaction force is equal and opposite to the impact force applied by the air hammer.
Even though the weight of the drill rod is small, it still plays a minor role in the overall process.
The weight of the rod provides a downward force, which helps in maintaining contact between the rod and the rock.
However, since the weight is small, the impact and reaction forces are the primary forces at play during the drilling process.
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Final answer:
Each strike of the air hammer against the drill rod represents one impulsive force; hence, the number of impulsive forces equals the number of hammer strikes during the drilling process.
Explanation:
The student is asking about the phenomenon of impulsive forces that act on a drill rod when used with an air hammer for creating holes in hard rock for the placement of explosives. Impulsive forces refer to the high, short-duration forces that occur when two objects collide. In the context of the air hammer and drill rod, each time the air hammer strikes the drill rod, an impulsive force is exerted. If we assume the weight of the rod to be small and neglect other forces such as gravity and friction, the primary forces acting on the drill rod will be these impulses from the hammer.
Each strike of the air hammer generates one impulsive force. Therefore, if the air hammer strikes the drill rod 'n' times during the drilling process, 'n' impulsive forces would act on the drill rod. It is important to note that while the weight of the drill rod is small, it does add to the overall force required to drive the rod into the rock, but it is not considered an impulsive force.
