Answer :
Final answer:
The claim that a buck-boost transformer typically changes voltage by between 5% and 25% is false, as they can adjust voltages outside this range. Transformers use coil turn ratios to vary voltage levels, with step-up transformers increasing voltage for long-distance transmission and step-down transformers reducing voltage for consumer use.
Explanation:
The statement that a buck-boost transformer is typically used to change voltage by between 5% and 25% is false. Buck-boost transformers can achieve a wider range of voltage adjustments, not limited to this range. Transformers, in general, including step-up and step-down transformers, change the voltage by altering the ratio of turns between the primary and secondary coils.
A step-up transformer increases voltage and decreases current to transmit power over long distances with minimal loss, whereas a step-down transformer decreases voltage and increases current.
The power input and output for transformers are nearly equal, assuming negligible resistance, meaning that the electrical power output is very efficient. For instance, to increase the output voltage fivefold in a step-up transformer, the ratio of the number of output coils to the number of input coils would be five times.
Transformers are essential components in electrical systems for modifying voltages to suitable levels for various applications, as shown in their common use to step down high voltages in transmission lines to the standard voltages used in homes.
