Answer :
Final answer:
The slicing activity of Argonaute (Ago) is often guided by a small non-coding RNA molecule called microRNA (miRNA). MiRNA regulates the mRNA's expression by directing Ago to degrade the mRNA, thus controlling protein synthesis. The class of non-coding RNAs that usually activates the slicing mechanism is also miRNA.
Explanation:
The slicing activity of Argonaute (Ago) is often regulated by the presence of a small non-coding RNA molecule known as microRNA (miRNA). The miRNA binds to Ago along with an mRNA molecule and guides the slicing activity. The miRNA is single-stranded and regulates the mRNA strand's expression by directing Ago to degrade the mRNA or halt its translation, thus controlling protein synthesis.
Small non-coding RNAs are involved in RNA interference (RNAI), a regulatory mechanism that prevents mRNA from guiding protein synthesis. In both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, these RNA molecules play a key role.
Among non-coding RNAs, the most common to activate the slicing mechanism is miRNA. It manipulates gene expression by serving as a guide for the Ago complex to specific mRNA targets. The miRNA, owing to its complementary sequence, can bind to the mRNA and mediate its degradation or translational repression. Therefore, miRNA is pivotal in the slicing activity of Argonaute.
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Ago slicing activity will be activated when is bound to an mRNA that has a complementary sequence to the small non-coding RNA .
Additionally, the strength of the base-pairing between the small non-coding RNA and its target sequence will influence the activation of Ago slicing activity. The probability of Ago slicing activity being activated is high when the base-pairing is strong. Argonaute is usually bound to microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate gene expression. These miRNAs are derived from endogenous transcripts that can form stem-loop structures and then processed by the RNase III endonuclease called Dicer to generate a small RNA duplex of about 21-22 nucleotides (nt). One of the strands of this duplex is loaded onto Ago, whereas the other strand is degraded. The miRNAs loaded onto Ago are responsible for the activation of Ago slicing activity.
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