Answer :
Final answer:
Late stage three of the demographic transition model is characterized by the introduction of birth control, smaller family preferences, and continued growth due to a large young population, though it does not signify the end of population explosion. The correct answer is that this stage does not represent the endpoint of population growth. Understanding demographic variables, fertility rates, and migration definitions enhances our grasp of population dynamics.
Explanation:
Demographic Transition Model: Late Stage Three
The demographic transition model (DTM) describes the transition of a society from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as it develops economically. In late stage three, several distinguishing features can be observed:
- Birth control is introduced and begins wide social acceptance - This shift enables couples to make informed decisions about family size.
- People choose smaller families due to many social and economic factors - Economic development and education often lead to a preference for fewer children.
- Population continues to grow due to the large young population reaching childbearing age - This phenomenon is a result of earlier high birth rates, which leads to a bulge in the population of individuals entering their reproductive years.
- It is the stage where population explosion ended - This is the distinctive feature that is not characteristic of late stage three, as population growth may still occur due to the youthful demographic.
Answer to Question 9
The correct answer for the question is: D. It is the stage where population explosion ended. While the population may stabilize during this phase, it does not necessarily indicate that the population explosion has concluded, as it can still experience growth driven by the preceding demographic structure.
Understanding Reproductive Rates
The reproductive rates are crucial for analyzing fertility in populations. The Gross Reproduction Rate (A) looks at the average number of daughters born to a woman during her lifetime. Net Reproduction Rate (B) accounts for mortality, while the Total Fertility Rate (C) is the total number of births per woman. Finally, Age-specific fertility rate (D) focuses on birth rates within specific age groups. Therefore, an understanding of these terms is essential for demographic analysis.
The Role of Socio-Cultural Factors
Among the high fertility determinants, socio-cultural factors are predominant. These factors often include:
- Age at first union/marriage - Early marriages tend to lead to higher fertility.
- High demand for children - Cultural preferences for larger families might persist.
- Parity intervals - Refers to the spacing of children, which can influence family size.
- Fecundity - This refers to the biological capacity to conceive, influencing birth rates.
Women’s Voices in Family Planning
The argument that "Women do not want as many children as men do; and if they are allowed to voice their opinions, the birth rate will decline" aligns closely with the views of Stuart Mill (C), who advocated for gender equality in choices regarding family planning.
Dependency Load in Demographic Stages
When examining the dependency load, it is essential to note that late stage three demographics typically show a stable ratio of dependents, unlike the explosive growth seen in earlier stages. Thus, in the context of your question, D. Late stage three is the correct answer, as the dependency load is not massive in this phase.
Migration Definitions
Understanding terms related to migration is crucial. An Emigrant (A) is someone who leaves their home country, while a Refugee (B) seeks safety elsewhere, a Migrant (C) is a general term, and an Immigrant (D) settles in another country.
Mortality Differentials
Biological factors affecting mortality differentials can include:
- Higher rates among unmarried individuals.
- Longer life expectancy for women compared to men.
- Health disparities influenced by demographic variables.
Overall, understanding the nuances of population dynamics is crucial in social studies and demographics.
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