Answer :
Here's a detailed explanation for each question:
- What happens during the G0 phase of the cell cycle?
- C. Cells will perform their normal functions
- The G0 phase is a resting phase where cells are not actively preparing to divide. Cells in G0 carry out their normal functions without dividing.
- During which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?
- A. Anaphase I
- During anaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.
- What is a key application of meiosis in sexual reproduction?
- D. Creating genetic variation
- Meiosis results in four genetically unique gametes, contributing to genetic diversity, which is vital for the evolution and adaptability of species.
- Which type of solution causes a cell to swell due to water entering?
- B. Hypotonic solution
- In a hypotonic solution, the concentration of solutes is lower outside the cell, causing water to move into the cell and making it swell.
- Which modification helps sperm cells reach and fertilize the egg?
- B. Flagellum
- The flagellum acts like a tail that propels sperm cells forward, aiding them in reaching and fertilizing an egg.
- What cellular adaptation do muscle cells exhibit to meet high energy demands?
- B. Abundant mitochondria
- Muscle cells have numerous mitochondria to meet their high energy demands as mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell that produce ATP, the energy currency.
- During which phase do chromosomes align along the equatorial plane of the cell?
- B. Metaphase
- In metaphase, chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell, preparing for separation.
- In a certain plant species, the diploid number of chromosomes is 40. After meiosis, how many resulting gametes have?
- B. 20
- Gametes, resulting from meiosis, are haploid and have half the number of chromosomes of the diploid cells. Therefore, the gametes will have 20 chromosomes.
- If an individual is a man, what is their sex chromosome?
- C. XY
- Men have one X and one Y chromosome.
- Which of the following is a consequence of errors during mitosis?
- B. Formation of cancer cells
- Errors in mitosis can lead to uncontrolled cell division and potentially result in the formation of cancer cells.
- What role does mitosis play in wound healing?
- D. It allows rapid repair of damaged tissues.
- Mitosis helps to rapidly repair and replace cells in damaged tissues for wound healing by producing new cells.
- If a person has Down syndrome what particular chromosome # is affected?
- C. Chromosome #21
- Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
- What would happen if the bilayer's hydrophilic heads were altered?
- B. Water could no longer interact
- The hydrophilic heads of the lipid bilayer interact with water. If altered, water transport across the membrane could be impacted, altering cell function.
