Answer :
Final answer:
The isobar connects areas of equal atmospheric pressure on maps. In hot deserts, landforms like Yardangs and Barchans are created by wind erosion. The ozone layer plays a crucial role in protecting the Earth from harmful ultraviolet rays.
Explanation:
Understanding Atmospheric Pressure and Landforms from Wind Erosion
The question highlights different facets of physical geography, including atmospheric pressure and features shaped by wind erosion. An isobar is the line drawn on maps that connects places of equal atmospheric pressure. The correct answer to the first part of your question is C. isobar.
In the desert, two significant landforms created primarily by wind erosion are Yardangs and Barchans. Yardangs are streamlined ridges formed by the persistent wind eroding the softer ground, while Barchans are crescent-shaped dunes that form when sand moves primarily in one direction due to wind. The correct answer to the second set of options focusing on wind erosion is D. III and IV only as it includes both Yardangs (III) and Barchans (IV).
Moving on to the question about where the Sun is directly overhead on December 22, this occurs during the summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere at the Antarctic Circle (C). The Tropic of Capricorn (D) is where the Sun lies directly overhead at noon on this date.
Next, concerning the temperature gradient on a mountain, temperature generally decreases with altitude at an average lapse rate of about 6.5°C per 1000 meters. If the temperature at the top of the mountain is 7°C, the estimate at the base located 5000 meters lower would be about 32.5°C. So, the correct option is B. 32.5°C.
For the question on lunar eclipses, a lunar eclipse occurs when the earth comes between the sun and the moon. Thus, the answer is C.
Lastly, the critical role of the ozone layer is to absorb ultraviolet radiation from the sun, making the correct answer C.
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