Answer :
Final answer:
When climbing a tall mountain, you may feel 'out of breath' due to decreased air pressure and less available oxygen. Hot air rises, while cold air sinks. Mercury barometers use mercury liquid to measure air pressure. Weather primarily occurs in the troposphere, the lowest layer of the atmosphere. The layers of the atmosphere are classified based on temperature changes with altitude.
Explanation:
16. When climbing a tall mountain, you may feel 'out of breath' because the higher you climb, the lower the air pressure becomes. This means there is less oxygen available for you to breathe in, leading to a feeling of breathlessness. As you ascend, the pressure exerted by the atmosphere decreases, so the air molecules become more spread out, making it harder for you to take in enough oxygen.
17. Hot air generally rises upwards, while cold air tends to sink downwards. This can be seen in phenomena such as convection currents, where warm air expands and becomes less dense, causing it to rise, and cold air contracts and becomes denser, causing it to sink.
18. Mercury barometers use a liquid, specifically mercury, to measure air pressure. The height of the liquid column in the barometer is directly related to the air pressure. When the air pressure decreases, the mercury level in the column drops, and when the air pressure increases, the mercury level rises.
19. Weather primarily occurs in the troposphere, which is the lowest layer of the atmosphere. This layer is where most of Earth's weather phenomena, such as clouds, rain, and storms, take place.
20. The layers of the atmosphere are classified according to the temperature changes that occur with increasing altitude. The layers, from lowest to highest, are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.
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