11. Why did archaeologists not know as much about the Incas until the discovery of Machu Picchu?

A. No one had ever seen real artifacts from the Inca.
B. The Spanish destroyed most of the artifacts from the Inca.
C. Earthquakes had destroyed most of the artifacts from the Inca.
D. The Inca did not have a written language.

12. Which of the following is NOT true about the construction of Machu Picchu?

A. It was constructed with stones tightly fit together.
B. The wheel was used to transport heavy stones.
C. Several people used a pulley system of ropes and levers to move heavy stones.
D. Around 140 buildings and 100 steps were built.

Archaeologists learned about the Incas through Machu Picchu because of the destruction of artifacts during the Spanish conquest and the lack of a written language in Incan culture. The precision of stone construction at Machu Picchu highlights the Incas' advanced engineering skills, though they did not use the wheel for transportation. Understanding these aspects gives important insights into Inca civilization.

Explanation:

Why Archaeologists Learned About the Incas from Machu Picchu

Archaeologists did not have extensive knowledge about the Incas until the discovery of Machu Picchu for a few key reasons:

The Spanish conquest in the 16th century led to the destruction of many Incan artifacts and records, limiting our understanding of their civilization.
Additionally, the Inca civilization did not have a written language, which meant that much of their history and culture was passed down orally, making it difficult for historians to study them comprehensively.
Finally, many archaeological sites remained unknown until Machu Picchu's rediscovery in 1911, which provided significant insight into Incan engineering and society.

Construction of Machu Picchu

Regarding the construction of Machu Picchu, it is important to note that:

The structures were built using stones that were fitted together with remarkable precision, demonstrating the Incas' skill in masonry.
However, it is NOT true that the wheel was used to transport heavy stones; the Incas did not use wheels for construction. Instead, they utilized a combination of manpower and simple tools.
Many of the stones were moved using pulleys and levers, showing their advanced engineering techniques.
Machu Picchu contains around 140 buildings and numerous steps, making it a marvel of Incan architecture.

Learn more about Inca Civilization here:

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