Answer :
11. The distance between the oldest and youngest Hawaiian island is approximately 3,500 kilometers (2,175 miles).
12. It has taken millions of years for the Hawaiian islands to form, with estimates ranging from 70 to 80 million years.
13. The average rate of plate movement of the Pacific plate during the formation of the Hawaiian island chain is approximately 6 centimeters per year (2.36 inches per year).
14. The average rate of movement of the Pacific plate today is similar to the rate during the formation of the Hawaiian island chain, which is around 6 centimeters per year (2.36 inches per year).
15. 50 million years ago, the Pacific plate was moving in a northwestern direction.
16. Today, the Pacific plate is moving in a northwestern direction.
Explanation to the above given short answers are written below,
11. The distance between the oldest and youngest Hawaiian island is approximately 3,500 kilometers (2,175 miles). This can be observed by looking at the Hawaiian islands inset on a map or by measuring the distance between the two points.
12. It has taken millions of years for the Hawaiian islands to form. Geologists estimate that the volcanic activity that created the islands began around 70 to 80 million years ago.
Over time, the volcanic eruptions built up the islands, and through a process called plate tectonics, the movement of the Pacific plate carried the islands to their current positions.
13. To calculate the average rate of plate movement during the formation of the Hawaiian island chain, we need to convert the given measurements to the same units.
Given that 1 mile is equal to 5,280 feet and 1 foot is equal to 12 inches, we can convert the rate from inches per year to centimeters per year. Therefore, 2.36 inches per year is approximately 6 centimeters per year.
14. The average rate of movement of the Pacific plate today is similar to the rate during the formation of the Hawaiian island chain, which is around 6 centimeters per year.
This suggests that the plate movement has remained relatively constant over millions of years. It indicates a steady process of volcanic activity and the creation of new land in the form of volcanic islands.
15. Approximately 50 million years ago, the Pacific plate was moving in a northwestern direction. This movement contributed to the formation and growth of the Hawaiian island chain as the volcanic hotspot beneath the plate produced a series of volcanoes that eventually formed the islands.
16. Today, the Pacific plate is still moving in a northwestern direction. The motion of tectonic plates is driven by convection currents in Earth's mantle.
The northwestern movement of the Pacific plate continues to shape the geological features of the Pacific Ocean, including the Hawaiian islands, and influences seismic activity and the formation of new land.
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