1. Sam has been falling more often at all times during the night and day. What factors should staff look at to help prevent Sam's falls?

- Decreases in Sam's mobility and strength.
- Increases in Sam's appetite and intake.
- Increases in Sam's sleep quality.
- Decreases in Sam's pain level.

2. Kyle is a caregiver for Marsha, who experiences agitation and anxiety in the evening when she cannot find her husband. Her husband passed away several years ago. In the past, Kyle knows that medication has been used to calm her down. Kyle, instead, pulls out Marsha's photo albums and sits with her while she looks through them. What is Kyle's next step?

- Kyle should tell his coworkers about the photo albums.
- Kyle should request the nurse give Marsha medication.
- Kyle should tell Marsha that her husband passed away.
- Kyle should put mats on the floor by her bed.

3. Barbara puts Cora into bed. She tucks the sheets in so tightly that Cora is not able to move. "There," Barbara says. "Stay put until tomorrow morning." What is this an example of?

- Person-centered care
- Physical restraint
- A chemical restraint
- First-line intervention

4. True or False: If a restraint is to be used, the person or their healthcare proxy must agree to its use based upon informed consent.

- True
- False

5. Constance likes to eat an early lunch. She has dementia and often becomes upset in the afternoon about an hour after her nap. What intervention would address Constance's basic needs and possibly relieve her distress?

- Provide Constance with a snack and something to drink when she wakes from her nap.
- Provide Constance with some quiet time alone in her room.
- Provide Constance with a photo album filled with family pictures.
- Provide Constance with rigorous exercise and an outing with peers.

Decreases in Sam's mobility and strength: Reduced mobility and strength can lead to instability, making falls more likely. Assessing his physical capabilities and possibly introducing exercises or physical therapy could help.

Increases in Sam's appetite and intake: While this indicates better overall health, it’s not directly linked to fall risk.

Increases in Sam's sleep quality: Better sleep can improve daytime balance and coordination, which may reduce fall risk.

Decreases in Sam's pain level: Managing pain can enhance mobility and balance, reducing the likelihood of falls.

Kyle’s Next Step with Marsha:

Kyle should tell Marsha that her husband passed away: Although difficult, helping her understand the reality of her situation is important for her emotional processing, while also continuing to engage her with the photo albums.

Barbara's Actions Toward Cora:

Physical restraint: Tucking Cora in so tightly that she cannot move restricts her freedom and qualifies as a physical restraint, which can be harmful and inappropriate.

True or False Statement on Restraints:

True: Informed consent must be obtained from the person or their healthcare proxy before using restraints, ensuring ethical treatment.

Intervention for Constance:

Provide Constance with a snack and something to drink when she wakes from her nap: This can help satisfy her hunger and potentially prevent her distress, as feeling hungry can contribute to agitation.

These responses emphasize the importance of addressing individual needs and ensuring ethical practices in caregiving. If you have further questions or need clarification on any points, feel free to ask!