Answer :
Final answer:
The Spanish conquest of the Inca was significantly aided by alliances with local groups against the Inca, the introduction of devastating diseases, and possibly social issues like alcoholism. These factors combined led to the decline of the Inca Empire and the eventual Spanish takeover. Converting Inca soldiers to Catholicism played a minor role compared to these other factors.
Explanation:
Factors Contributing to the Spanish Conquest of the Inca
The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire was influenced by several critical factors, which can be summarized as follows:
- The Spanish allied with peoples who disliked the Inca. Many indigenous groups were subjected to the Incas and sought an ally against their oppressors. This led to significant local support for the Spanish, who were seen as potential liberators.
- The Spanish brought disease that ravaged the Inca. Diseases such as smallpox had a devastating effect on the Inca population, causing a decline of up to 93%. This weakened the Inca politically and militarily, facilitating Spanish conquest.
- Alcoholism weakened the Inca military forces. While this factor is often cited, it is less documented than the previous two. However, social upheaval due to European contact may have contributed to decreased morale and effectiveness.
The claim that the Spanish convinced Inca soldiers to convert to Catholicism is less relevant in terms of immediate impact on military outcomes, although some indigenous people did embrace conversion to protect themselves from disease and to gain favor with the new rulers.
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